English
Reports
"Bow Vally and Pipestones"
Summary remarks
(based on behaviour observations December 2000-2012)
Social Structure, Population Trend, Sex Ratio, Character Types, Mortality and Dispersal in two Wolf-Families
Bow Valley Wolf Behaviour Observations (Results)
WOLF (Canis lupus) & RAVEN (Corvus corax): The co-evolution of "team players" and their living-together in a social-mixed group
© Günther Bloch
Günther Bloch & Paul C. Paquet, 2011
The forming of "mutualistic relationships" between different species:
There are a lot of respectable examples from studies in the wild, which emphasize regular cooperation’s between different species: polar bear & arctic fox, grizzly & red fox, coyote & badger or honey-display-bird & honey badger (Ganslosser 1998). Some mutualistic relationships are limited by time; others are long-lasting (Dugatkin 1997). In fact, a lot of different species are prepared to coordinate their predatory- and feeding behaviours. Kill sites are magnets for all meat-eaters. Wolves and bears tend to avoid each other; altercations between the two species are not unusual (Mech et al. 1998). Nonetheless, mutual tolerance may predominate. Consequently, grizzly bears and wolves were observed feeding together at kill sites. Afterwards, they often were resting in a distance of only 100 m to each other (Bloch & Radinger 2010). Wolves and magpies were observed near ungulate carcass, occasionally feeding together side by side.
Adaptive Strategies of wild wolves in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park
A review of wolf behaviour patterns in a human dominated environment
Juvenile wolf and tourists
© Peter A. Dettling, www.TerraMagica.ca
Günther Bloch & Dr. Mike Gibeau, 2010
There has been an ongoing debate among scientists, wildlife managers and the public about what is considered “wild”. However, “wild” is a human concept. In reality, individuals of many species can display a wide variety of behaviours. Some of these behaviours fall into the category of what we concider “wild” and some do not.
So what is "wild"?
In African national parks for instance an entire industry has been build upon close observations of all types of “wild animals”. All of these observations have included countless encounters with predators such as lions, leopards or African wild dogs. The phenomena of wolves adapting to a human dominated environment
and/or interacting with people, is also not new.
Weiterlesen: A review of wolf behaviour patterns in a human dominated environment
